Activated Carbon Filters: These filters use activated carbon, which has a porous surface that can adsorb contaminants like chlorine, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and some heavy metals. They’re often used in pitcher-style filters, faucet-mounted filters, and refrigerator filters.
Reverse Osmosis (RO) Filters: RO filters use a semipermeable membrane to remove a wide range of contaminants, including dissolved salts, heavy metals, fluoride, and some microorganisms. They’re highly effective but can be slower and waste water in the purification process.
UV Filters: UV filters use ultraviolet light to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms in water. While they’re effective against biological contaminants, they don’t remove other types of impurities.
Ceramic Filters: These filters use ceramic material with very small pores to physically trap contaminants like bacteria, protozoa, and sediment. They’re often used in gravity-fed systems for outdoor or emergency water purification.
Ion Exchange Filters: These filters exchange ions in the water, typically removing hardness ions like calcium and magnesium. They’re commonly used in water softeners to prevent scale buildup in pipes and appliances.
Sediment Filters: Sediment filters remove suspended particles like sand, silt, and rust from water. They’re often used as pre-filters in multi-stage filtration systems to prolong the life of other filter components.
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